Filtration
Filtration is a technique used either to remove impurities from an organic solution or to isolate an organic solid. The two types of filtration commonly used in organic chemistry laboratories are gravity filtration and vacuum or suction filtration.



Evaporation
Evaporation is process by which water is converted from liquid to vapours.
It is through evaporation that water is transported from land and oceans.


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Simple distillation
Simple distillation, by contrast, simply collects all of the liquids together without very much, if any, separation of the individual solvents.

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Fractional distillation
I need fractional distillation if you are to obtain the high purity solvents that you need for your work. Only fractional distillation can separate two or more volatile liquids from one another, while yielding good purities.


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Chromatography

Chromatography is a way of separating out mixtures of chemicals. For example the dyes used to make up ink. Different dyes in ink will wash through paper at different rates. Some will stick to the paper and others will dissolve and travel through it quickly.